信号通路
  • Anti-infection
    Arenavirus
    Bacterial
    CMV
    Enterovirus
    Filovirus
    Fungal
    HBV
    HCV
    HIV
    HSV
    Influenza Virus
    Parasite
    Reverse Transcriptase
    RSV
    SARS-CoV
    Virus Protease
  • Antibody-drug Conjugate/ADC Related
    ADC Cytotoxin
    ADC Linker
    Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC
    PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
  • Apoptosis
    Apoptosis
    FKBP
    Bcl-2 Family
    c-Myc
    Caspase
    DAPK
    Ferroptosis
    IAP
    MDM-2/p53
    PKD
    RIP kinase
    Survivin
    Thymidylate Synthase
    TNF Receptor
  • Autophagy
    Autophagy
    LRRK2
    Mitophagy
    ULK
  • Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Antifolate
    APC
    ATM/ATR
    Aurora Kinase
    Casein Kinase
    CDK
    Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
    CRISPR/Cas9
    Deubiquitinase
    DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker
    DNA-PK
    DNA/RNA Synthesis
    Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)
    G-quadruplex
    Haspin Kinase
    HDAC
    HSP
    IRE1
    Kinesin
    LIM Kinase (LIMK)
    Microtubule/Tubulin
    Mps1
    Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
    p97
    PAK
    PARP
    PERK
    Polo-like Kinase (PLK)
    PPAR
    RAD51
    ROCK
    Sirtuin
    SRPK
    Telomerase
    TOPK
    Topoisomerase
    Wee1
  • Cytoskeleton
    Arp2/3 Complex
    Dynamin
    Gap Junction Protein
    Integrin
    Kinesin
    Microtubule/Tubulin
    Mps1
    Myosin
    PAK
  • Epigenetics
    AMPK
    Aurora Kinase
    DNA Methyltransferase
    Epigenetic Reader Domain
    HDAC
    Histone Acetyltransferase
    Histone Demethylase
    Histone Methyltransferase
    JAK
    MicroRNA
    PARP
    PKC
    Protein Arginine Deiminase
    TAM Receptor
    Sirtuin
  • GPCR/G Protein
    5-HT Receptor
    Adenosine Receptor
    Adenylate Cyclase
    Adiponectin Receptor
    Adrenergic Receptor
    Angiotensin Receptor
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    Bradykinin Receptor
    Cannabinoid Receptor
    CaSR
    CCR
    CGRP Receptor
    Cholecystokinin Receptor
    CRFR
    CXCR
    Dopamine Receptor
    EBI2/GPR183
    Endothelin Receptor
    GHSR
    Glucagon Receptor
    Glucocorticoid Receptor
    GNRH Receptor
    GPCR19
    GPR109A
    GPR119
    GPR120
    GPR139
    GPR40
    GPR55
    GPR84
    Guanylate Cyclase
    Histamine Receptor
    Imidazoline Receptor
    Leukotriene Receptor
    LPL Receptor
    mAChR
    MCHR1 (GPR24)
    Melanocortin Receptor
    Melatonin Receptor
    mGluR
    Motilin Receptor
    Neurokinin Receptor
    Neuropeptide Y Receptor
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    Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor)
    Oxytocin Receptor
    P2Y Receptor
    Prostaglandin Receptor
    Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR)
    Ras
    RGS Protein
    Sigma Receptor
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  • Immunology/Inflammation
    Arginase
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    Complement System
    COX
    CXCR
    FLAP
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    Interleukin Related
    IRAK
    MyD88
    NO Synthase
    NOD-like Receptor (NLR)
    PD-1/PD-L1
    PGE synthase
    Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK)
    SPHK
    STING
    Thrombopoietin Receptor
    Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
    CD73
    Reactive Oxygen Species
    Galectin
  • JAK/STAT Signaling
    EGFR
    JAK
    Pim
    STAT
  • MAPK/ERK Pathway
    ERK
    JNK
    KLF
    MAP3K
    MAP4K
    MAPKAPK2 (MK2)
    MEK
    Mixed Lineage Kinase
    MNK
    p38 MAPK
    Raf
    Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
  • Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
    ATP Synthase
    BCRP
    Calcium Channel
    CFTR
    Chloride Channel
    CRAC Channel
    CRM1
    EAAT2
    GABA Receptor
    GlyT
    HCN Channel
    iGluR
    Monoamine Transporter
    Monocarboxylate Transporter
    Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger
    Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter
    Na+/K+ ATPase
    nAChR
    NKCC
    P-glycoprotein
    P2X Receptor
    Potassium Channel
    Proton Pump
    SGLT
    Sodium Channel
    TRP Channel
    URAT1
  • Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    15-PGDH
    5 alpha Reductase
    5-Lipoxygenase
    Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
    Acyltransferase
    Adenosine Deaminase
    Adenosine Kinase
    Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)
    Aldose Reductase
    Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase
    Aminopeptidase
    Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE)
    Arginase
    ATGL
    ATP Citrate Lyase
    Carbonic Anhydrase
    Carboxypeptidase
    Cathepsin
    CETP
    COMT
    Cytochrome P450
    Dipeptidyl Peptidase
    Dopamine β-hydroxylase
    Drug Metabolite
    E1/E2/E3 Enzyme
    Elastase
    Endogenous Metabolite
    Enolase
    FAAH
    FABP
    Factor Xa
    Farnesyl Transferase
    Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS)
    FXR
    Glucokinase
    GSNOR
    Gutathione S-transferase
    HCV Protease
    Hexokinase
    HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase
    HIV Integrase
    HIV Protease
    HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR)
    HSP
    Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)
    Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)
    Lactate Dehydrogenase
    LXR
    MAGL
    Mineralocorticoid Receptor
    Mitochondrial Metabolism
    MMP
    NADPH Oxidase
    Nampt
    NEDD8-activating Enzyme
    Neprilysin
    PAI-1
    PDHK
    PGC-1α
    Phosphatase
    Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
    Phospholipase
    Procollagen C Proteinase
    Proteasome
    Pyruvate Kinase
    RAR/RXR
    Renin
    ROR
    Ser/Thr Protease
    SGK
    Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD)
    Thrombin
    Tryptophan Hydroxylase
    Tyrosinase
    Xanthine Oxidase
    Glutaminase
    Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Neuronal Signaling
    5-HT Receptor
    AChE
    Adenosine Kinase
    Amyloid-β
    Beta-secretase
    CaMK
    CGRP Receptor
    COMT
    Dopamine Receptor
    Dopamine Transporter
    FAAH
    GABA Receptor
    GlyT
    iGluR
    Imidazoline Receptor
    mAChR
    Melanocortin Receptor
    Melatonin Receptor
    Monoamine Oxidase
    nAChR
    Neurokinin Receptor
    Opioid Receptor
    Serotonin Transporter
    γ-secretase
  • NF-κB
    IKK
    Keap1-Nrf2
    MALT1
    NF-κB
  • PI3K/Akt/mTOR
    Akt
    AMPK
    ATM/ATR
    DNA-PK
    GSK-3
    MELK
    mTOR
    PDK-1
    PI3K
    PI4K
    PIKfyve
    PTEN
  • PROTAC
    E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate
    Ligand for E3 Ligase
    PROTAC
    PROTAC Linker
    PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
    Ligand for Target Protein for PROTAC
    SNIPER
    Target Protein Ligand-Linker Conjugate
  • Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK
    Ack1
    ALK
    Bcr-Abl
    BMX Kinase
    Btk
    c-Fms
    c-Kit
    c-Met/HGFR
    Discoidin Domain Receptor
    DYRK
    EGFR
    Ephrin Receptor
    FAK
    FGFR
    FLT3
    IGF-1R
    Insulin Receptor
    IRAK
    Itk
    PDGFR
    PKA
    Pyk2
    ROS
    Src
    Syk
    TAM Receptor
    Trk Receptor
    VEGFR
    RET
  • Stem Cell/Wnt
    Casein Kinase
    ERK
    Gli
    GSK-3
    Hedgehog
    Hippo (MST)
    JAK
    Notch
    Oct3/4
    PKA
    Porcupine
    ROCK
    sFRP-1
    Smo
    STAT
    TGF-beta/Smad
    Wnt
    YAP
    β-catenin
    γ-secretase
  • TGF-beta/Smad
    PKC
    ROCK
    TGF-beta/Smad
    TGF-β Receptor
  • Vitamin D Related
    VD/VDR
  • Others
    Androgen Receptor
    Aromatase
    Estrogen Receptor/ERR
    Progesterone Receptor
    Thyroid Hormone Receptor
    Others
  • Inhibitory Antibodies
  • Cytokines
  • ADC
  • Epigenetic Reader Dom

代谢疾病


1.jpg

  

  代谢疾病是一种影响人类(或动物)细胞生产能量的障碍,又称为新陈代谢失调症。大部分代谢疾病都是遗传性疾病,有部分是从饮食、毒素、感染等。遗传性的代谢疾病一般称为先天性代谢缺陷。一般来说,遗传性的代谢疾病都是先天性缺少或不正常构成在细胞代谢过程中重要的酶。

  代谢作用三个最大的类别为:肝糖储积症——影响糖类代谢的障碍;脂肪酸氧化作用缺陷——影响脂肪代谢的障碍;线粒体疾病——影响细胞内中央发电厂线粒体的障碍。离子通道病影响细胞的离子通道及细胞器膜,形成离子不正常或低效能地进出细胞膜。有某些离子通道疾会造成周期性麻痹或恶性高热症。

  现行普遍测试方法有两种,分别可以透过婴儿的血液或尿液样本进行筛检,两种的测试方法分别在于样本抽取方式和可检测的疾病数量。根据样本特性和现时科技,大约50种代谢病可以从血液中被检测到,而超过100种代谢病可以从尿液中检测到。


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